人教版初中七、八年级期中考试知识梳理
2023-10-27 来源:旧番剧
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七年级
Unit 3Is this your pencil?
1、短语归纳

2、典句必背
(1)- Is this your pencil? 这是你的铅笔吗?
- Yes, it is. 是的,它是。
(2)- Is that your schoolbag? 那是你的书包吗?
- No, it isn"t. 不,它不是。
(3)It"s mine/his/hers. 这是我的/他的/她的。
(4)They are hers. 它们是她的。
(5)Is that yours? 那是你的吗?
(6)What about this dictionary? 这本字典呢?
(7)Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
(8)How do you spell it? 你怎么拼写它?
(9)I must find it. 我必须找到它。
(10)Call me at 685-6034. 请打电话685-6034找我。
3、含be动词的一般疑问句
(1)将含有be动词的陈述句转换一般疑问句
将be动词(am, is, are)提到句首(首字母要大写),如果原句中的主语是第一人称要变为第二人称,句末加问号。
例:I am Zhang Yang. →Are you Zhang Yang?
That is my bike.→Is that your bike?
(2)含有be动词的一般疑问句的肯定回答与否定回答:
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 be.
否定回答:No, 主语 be(否定形式).
例:- Is this your pen?
- Yes, it is./ No, it isn"t.
(3)I must find it. 我必须找到它。
must是情态动词,意为“必须,应当,一定”,无时态和人称的变化,后接不带to的动词不定式,表示义务、命令或必要。
例:You must be here on time. 你必须按时来这儿。
must的否定形式是mustn"t= must not,含有must的一般疑问句是把must提至句首,其肯定回答时yes, sb must;否定回答:No, sb needn"t.
例:- Must I speak Engish? 我必须讲英语吗?
- Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。/- No, you needn"t. 不,你不必。
4、a set of keys一串钥匙
a set of意为“一套,一组,一列”,a set of 复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数!
例:The set of keys is Tom"s. 这串钥匙是汤姆的。
Unit 4 Where"s my schoolbag?
1、短语归纳

2、必背典句
(1)Where is my pencil box? 我的铅笔盒在哪儿?
(2)Where are my books? 我的书在哪儿?
(3)It"s under your bed. 它在你的床底下。
(4)Come on, Jack. 快点儿,杰克。
(5)I think it"s in your grandparents" room. 我认为它在你(外)祖父母的房间里。
(6)I don"t know. 我不知道
(7)I"m tidy. 我是爱整洁的人。
3、介词短语
介词短语的构成:介词 the / 物主代词/名词所有格 名词等。
(1)在介词短语中,定冠词the常常不翻译成中文,但the不能省略,是表示特指的。例如:behind the door在门后面
(2)若介词短语中名词前用了物主代词或名词所有格时,不能再用定冠词the,但名词所有格前可以用the。
例如:on his desk在他的书桌上;in the teacher"s room在老师的房间里
(3)专有名词前不能用the。
(4)表示方位的介词:on, in, behind, between, under等。
on 在...上面(紧贴着某物,有面的接触);in 在...里面;behind在...后面;between 在...之间,常于and连用;under在...的下面。
4、Where引导的特殊疑问句
由where引导的特殊疑问句意在询问人或者物品所在的位置,句式“where be 名词”。
注意:where后的be动词用is还是用are,取诀于be动词后面的名词时单数还是复数。
答语句式:It is 介词短语(对应的问句为where is)/They are 介词短语(对应的问句为where are)或者直接用介词短语回答,省略it is或 they are.
例如:(1)- Where is my eraser? - It"s on the desk. / On the desk.
(2)- Where are the keys? -They are under the bed. / Under the bed.
5、I think it"s in your grandparents" room. 我认为它在你(外)祖父母的房间里。
变否定句:I don"t think it"s in your grandparents" room.
当主语是第一人称,think表示“看法”,其后接宾语从句时,若宾语从句表示否定意义,在形式上应该否定前面的主句,这种现象叫否定转移。
(误)I think he is not a teacher.
(正)I don"t think he is a teache我认为他不是一位老师。
八年级
Unit3I"m more outgoing than my sister
一、短语归纳

二、语法讲解
形容词和副词的比较级
1、含义
(1)大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级。如:good-better-best。
(2)比较级:表示两者(人或物)之间的比较。
(3)加more/most 的情况:
①部分双音节和多音节词;
②-ed/ing结尾的词;
③adj ly →adv.
4、双写的词:一个大热天,一个胖子和一个瘦子穿着红衣服,汗湿了,很伤心。
big;hot;fat;thin;red;wet;sad
2、比较级基本句型:
(1)主语 谓语动词 adj./adv(比较级) than 对比成分,具体可分为两种情况:
①主语 系动词 adj.(比较级) than 对比成分。如:Lucy is slower than Lily.
②主语 实义动词 adv.(比较级) than 对比成分。如:Lucy runs more slowly than Lily.
(2)主语必须与对比成分保持一致。如:Her hair is longer thanyours.(your hair)
3、同级比较
...as adj./adv.(原级) as ... 如同...一样...
否定形式:... not as/so adj./adv.(原级) as ... 不如...一样...
4、比较级 and 比较级:越来越...
例如:They talked more and more loudly.
5、The 比较级...,the 比较级...:越...,就越...
例如:The more exercise you do, the stronger you"ll be.
6、Which/Who is比较级,A or B”
例如:Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one?
7、the 比较级 of the(two):两者中较...的一个
例如:Of the twins, she was the more hard-working.
8.常用the one代替单数可数名词,the ones/those代替复数名词,that代替不可数名词。
例如:The book here is newer than the one on the desk.
The apples on the tree are fresher than those/the ones in the box.
The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing.
9、比较级前可用“数词 名词”表示确定的度量。
例如:I am (5 years) older than him.
The room is (3 times) as large as that one.
注意:
(1)原级常与very, as, so, too, quite pretty, really 等连用。
(2)比较级常与much, even, far, than, a little, a bit等连用。
10、Than后的比较状语结构:
例如:He runs faster than me/ I (do).
三、重点单词、句型
1、tell
(1)告诉:tell sb. sth(不能为it/them)= tell sth. to sb. ;tell sb. (not) to do sth.
(2)辨别;识别:Can you tell the differences between the twins?
2、though意为“然而;但是”,表示转折关系,常放于句尾,用逗号隔开,而however可位于句首、句中或句末,常用逗号隔开。
例如:However, You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win.
3、(1)look like:看起来像(外貌)
(2)be like:像(性格,外貌)
4、bring out
(1)使显现;使表现出:The dress brings out the color of her skin.
(2)bring out生产;出版:The factory brings out a new kind of car.
(3)bring out the best/worst in sb. 激发出某人最好/最差的品质
5、care
(1)(n)小心;谨慎
例如:Cross the road with care.
Take care! 当心/保重
(2)介意;在乎(=mind)
例如:I don"t care what happens.
(v)care about:关心;在意
例如:He doesn"t care about nothing people say.
(3)care for关心;照顾= take care of=look after
(4)喜欢;想要(否定句或疑问句)
例如:Would you care for a cup of coffee?
6、be there for sb. 随叫随到;不离左右。如:Parents are always there for children.
be there to do sth. 随时准备帮助。如:She is there to work out the problem.
7、both:两个都;用在实义动词之前,其它动词之后。
例如:You are both too young.
They both speak English.
(1)Both of ... 名词复数
如:Both of the flowers are beautiful. 两朵花都很漂亮。
(2)both... and...两者都....
反义词组:neither.. .nor...两者都不.....
注意:all都(三者或三者以上);either两者中任意一个;every每个(三者或三者以上)
8、Reach
(1)到达:reach /arrive at /get to the school
(2)伸手去拿:reach(out one"s hand)for sth.
(3)与...取得联系。例如:How can I reach you?
(4)延伸。例如:The forest reaches as far as the river. 森林延伸到河边。
9、touch
(1)(v)接触;触摸。例如:Don"t touch the paint! 请勿触油漆!
触动;感动。例如:I was touched/moved by his words. 我被他的话打动了。
(2)(n)接触;联系:keep in /lose touch with sb. 与...保持/失去联系
get in touch with sb. 与...取得联系
10、laugh at sb. 笑话/取笑某人
make/let /have sb. do sth.= get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事
make 宾语 形容词:使某人/某事怎样
例如:His words make us happy.
11、make friends with sb. 与...交朋友
It"s adj. for sb. to do sth某人做某事怎么样. (It是形式主语,to do sth是真正主语)
12、The most important thing 最重要的事情
13、That is why 陈述句式。那是....的原因
Unit 4What"s the best movie theater?
一、短语归纳

二、语法讲解
形容词和副词的最高级
1、含义
(1)大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级。例如:badly- worse - worst
(2)最高级:表示三者或三者以上(人或物)之间的比较。
2、最高级基本句型结构
主语 谓语动词 the adj./adv(最高级) ...
①主语 系动词 the adj.(最高级)of 同类(of all/us...)
②主语 实义动词 (the) adv. (最高级)in 范围(in China...)
例如:Tara is the youngest of all.
Linda draws (the) most carefully in her class.
注意:
(1)副词的最高级前可省略“the”。如:sit (the) most comfortably坐得最舒适
(2)最高级前有其它的限定词时,不加“the”:my best friend
(3)Which / Who ... the 最高级...,A, B or C?
e.g. Which do you like (the) best, apples, pears or oranges?
(4)one of the最高级(形容词) 名(复数):“最...之一”。
e.g. Jack Chen is one of the most famous actors in the world.
(5)the 序数词 最高级(形容词) 名(单数)
e.g. Hainan is the second largest island in China.
(6)This is the最高级(形容词) 名(单数) that从句:
e.g. This is the worst movie that I have ever seen.
这是我曾经看过的最糟糕的电影。
(7)主语 最高级(形容词) 名(单数):表示“非常”。
e.g. Spring is a best season.
3、原级、比较级、最高级的相互转换
(1)原级与比较级的转换:
比较级 than→ not.. .as/so...as...
e.g. He speaks more loudly than me.
I don"t speak as/so loudly as he/him.
2、比较级与最高级的转换:
(在范围之内) the 最高级→比较级 than any other 名词(单数)/the other 名词(复数)
e.g. Jim is the tallest student in our class.
Jim is taller than any other student in our class.
Jim is taller than the other students in our class.
Jim is taller than anyone else in our class.
Jim is taller than any student/ the students in your class.
三、重点单词、短语
1、be up to sb.(to decide)由某人决定
be up to (doing) sth. 胜任;适合。如:He isn"t up to watching the flowers.
2、What" up?= What" wrong?= What"s the matter? 怎么了?
what"s more:另外;还有 what"s worse:更糟糕的是
3、thanks(n)感谢。如:many thanks = Thank you very much.
thanks for (doing) sth. = thank sb. for (doing) sth.
感谢某人做某事
4、No problem.
(1)不客气(回答感谢)
(2)没关系(回答道歉)
(3)没问题(回答请求)
5、watch/see/hear/feel/find/notice(注意)sb. do sth.(经常或已发生)
watch/see/hear/feel/find/notice(注意)sb. doing sth.(某次或正在发生)
如:I often hear her sing.(经常发生)
I saw her come into the classroom. (已发生)
I saw them playing basketball yesterday. (正在发生)
6、around the world = in the world = all over the world 全世界
7、common
(1)常见的;普通的。如:common knowledge常识;common people老百姓
(2)共同的;公共的。如:common habits共同的爱好
have sth. in common (with sb.)(与某人)在某方面有共同之处
in common with sb./sth 与某人/某物在某方面一样
8、Close
(1)(v.)关闭;封闭close the door/road
closed(adj.)关闭的;不公开的
(2)(adj.)
①近的;接近的。例如:He is close to success. 他快要成功了。
②亲密的;密切的。例如:my close friend我亲密的朋友。
(3)(adv.)接近;靠近
He sits close to the window. 他坐在窗户旁边。
9、role
play a role in在...扮演角色/起作用。如:play an important role in the family
play a role of ... 扮演...角色。例如:play a role of a reporter
Play...’s role well 扮演...角色演得好。例如:play Muan"s role well
10、prize
win the first prize获得一等奖
win the prize for the best actor获得最佳演员奖
The prize goes to sb. 奖项颁给某人。例如:The prize goes to Jim.
11、make up
(1)伪造;编造I made up a story as I went along. 我现场编了一个故事。
(2)(为)化妆;打扮The performers are making themselves up.
(3)组成;构成Girls make up 45% of the students.
(4)make up for 弥补;补偿。例如:You should do something to make up for your mistake.
12、give sb. a way to do sth. 给某人提供一个做.. .的方式。
13、talent
(1)be talented in:在...有天赋
例如:She is talented in music.
(2)have a talent for (doing) sth. 有....的天赋
例如:He has a talent for painting.
14、poor
(1)贫穷的;可怜的。例如:She is such a poor girl that she can"t buy a toy.
(2)糟糕的;质量差的。例如:
I"m poor in English.
He is in poor health.
Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?
一、短语归纳

二、重点单词、短语
1、plan
(1)(n)计划
make a plan to do sth.= plan to do sth.制定计划做...
make a plan for sth. 为...制定计划。如:make a plan for your trip.
(2)(v)计划;打算:plan (to do) sth. 如:plan (to have) a trip (planning; planned)
2、stand
(1)站立:stand up
(2)代表:stand for sth. 例如:Our flag stands for our country.
(3)容忍(否):can"t stand (doing) sth. 例如:I can"t stand telling lies.
3、think
think of
(1)认为;以为。如:What do you think of sitcoms?
(2)想起;记得。如:I can"t think of his name now.
(3)考虑;关心。如:Lei Feng always thought of other people first.
(4)想一想;想象。如:Think of the past you"ll feel happier.
think about:考虑。如:He is thinking about going on vacation.
think highly/lightly of sb. /sth.:对...评价甚高,重视;轻视,看轻
例如:Mr. Black thinks highly of his students.
think out:想出(= come up with= think up) 例如:think out a plan
think over ....:仔细考虑....如:Let me think it over.
think twice:慎重考虑;三思而后行。例如:You"d better think twice about going there alone.
4、mind
(1)(n.)头脑;想法;心思
例如:Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见,心不烦。
(v.)注意;留心。如:
Mind your head当心别碰头!
Mind your own business.别管闲事。
(2)介意;反对(否定句,疑问句,条件状语从句)例如:Would you mind opening the window?
keep... in mind 记住... make up one"s mind to do sth.下定决心做....
change one"s mind改变想法 be of /in two minds犹豫不决
out of one"s mind失去理智 to my mind依我看
Would /Do you mind (doing) sth.?你介意...吗?
never mind:没关系(回答道歉:sorry);别担心(用于安慰对方:I broke the cup.)
5、hope
(1)(n.)希望。例如:He never gave up his hope.
(v.)希望:...hope to do sth. ;... hope that从句
I hope so. 我希望如此。
I hope not. 我不希望如此。
6、wish
(1)但愿(虚拟):.. .wish that从句。例如:I wish that I were a bird.
(2)希望:...wish (sb.) to do sth. 例如:Do you really wish me to go?
(3)祝愿:wish sb. adj./n. 例如:wish you success; wish you a happy New Year.
7、find
(1)找到;发现。例如:I found a wallet lying on the ground. 我发现一只钱包掉在地上。
(2)认为;发觉。例如:I found it necessary to take exercise.
(3)find out:查明;弄清楚。例如:You"d better find out who broke the window.
look for:寻找。
例如:They looked for it everywhere, but they didn"t find it.
8、go on
(1)发生(happen):What"s going on here?
(2)进展:How did you go on in your study? 你的学习进展得怎么样?
(3)继续同一件事:go on doing sth. = go on with sth.
例如:It will go on raining all day.
(4)停止正在做的事情,进行另一件事:go on to do sth.
例如: Stop reading. Let"s go on answer the question.
9、discussion(n);discuss(v)
have a discussion about sth. = discuss (about) sth. 讨论.....
have a discussion with sb.= discuss with sb.与.....讨论
10、follow
(1)跟随
例如:I followed her up the step. 我跟着她上了楼梯。
(3)遵循;服从(命令;规则等)
例如:Follow my advice.
(3)沿着...前进
例如:Follow the road to the bridge.
(4)理解;听清楚(sb)
例如:You speak too fast for me to follow.
11、happen
(1)发生(go on):What happened to you? = What"s wrong with you?
(2)巧遇/偶然做...
例如:I happened to be out when you called. 你给我打电话时我正好不在家。
12、expect
(1)期望;盼望:expect sth./that 从句
例如:I expect the result.
(2)expect (sb. )to do sth.
例如:I expect (you) to win the game.
(3)预料;认为
例如:I expect that he will come soon.
I expect so. 我认为如此
I expect not.= I don"t expect. 我不认为如此
13、learn... from...:从... 中学到....
learn from .... :向...学习
14、famous
(1)be famous for...因(技能;特色)出名
例如:Edison was famous for his inventions .
(2)有名的;著名的be famous as....因(身份、产地)出名
例如:He is famous as a magician.
15、appear
(1)出现;(演员)出场:My friend didn"t appear until 6 o"clock.
(2)(书刊等)出版:His new book will appear next week.
(3)似乎;好像(seem):He appears (to be) serious.
16、come out
(1)出来;花开;发芽:It"s wonderful to watch the stars come out at night.
(2)(书刊、产品等)上市;发行:His new record(唱片) came out last week.
(3)(秘密、真相)传出;大白:The truth will come out sooner or later.
17、rich 有钱的;丰富的
例如:He is rich in experience. 他经验丰富。
18、success(n.)成功——succeed(v.)取得成功——successful(adj.)/ successfully(adv.)成功的
19、reason:理由
the reason for (doing) sth.做某事的理由
20、try
(1)try to do sth. 尽力做...
例句:I try to solve the problem by myself. 我尽力自己解决问题。
(2)try doing sth. 尝试做...
例句:He tried opening the door, but he failed.
(3)have a try:试一试
(4)try on试穿(衣、鞋等)
(5) try out测试(机器);试用(某人)
21、any
(1)无论哪个(肯定句)You can ask me any question at any time.
(2)任何一个/一些(条件状语从句):If you have any problem, please tell me.
(3)若干;一些(否定句、疑问句):Are there any messages for me?
22、danger(n.)——dangerous(adj.)危险的
in danger 处于危险中
out of danger摆脱危险
23、luck(n.)运气——lucky(adj.)幸运的——unlucky(adj.)不幸的——luckily(adv.)幸运地——unluckily(adv.)不幸地
good luck祝你好运(事前);bad luck真倒霉(事后)
24、lose
(1)失去;丢失:lose the way迷路
(2)输掉(比赛):lose the game输掉比赛;lose to sb输给某人
25、ready愿意的;准备好的
be ready to do sth准备/乐于做...
be ready for sth.为...做准备
get ready to do sth./ for sth.(为)准备(做...)
26、dress
(1)(n.)女裙;礼服
(2)(vi.)穿衣:She dresses casually. 她穿着随意。
(3)(vt)给...穿衣:The little girl can dress herself.
dress up:化妆;打扮
dress up as sb. 化妆成某人
be /get dressed (in...)穿...衣服
take one"s place = take the place of sb. 代替;替换
take place:发生(happen)
来源:英语好教师